Igitekerezo cyumuyagankuba

Muri electromagnetism, ubwinshi bwamashanyarazi anyura mugice icyo aricyo cyose cyambukiranya umuyoboro mugihe cyiswe ubukana, cyangwa amashanyarazi gusa. Ikimenyetso kigezweho ni I, kandi igice ni ampere (A), cyangwa "A" gusa (André-Marie Ampère, 1775-1836, umuhanga mu bya fiziki n’umuhanga mu bya shimi w’Abafaransa, wageze ku ntera ishimishije mu kwiga ku ngaruka za electronique kandi akanatanga umusanzu ku mibare na fiziki. Igice mpuzamahanga cyumuyagankuba, ampere, yitiriwe izina rye).
[1] Kugenda kwicyerekezo gisanzwe cyubusa mumashanyarazi ayobowe nimbaraga zumuriro wamashanyarazi akora amashanyarazi.
[2] Mu mashanyarazi, hateganijwe ko icyerekezo cyogutwara icyerekezo cyamafaranga meza nicyerekezo cyumuyaga. Mubyongeyeho, mubuhanga, icyerekezo cyerekezo cyicyerekezo cyiza nacyo gikoreshwa nkicyerekezo cyubu. Ubunini bwikigezweho bugaragazwa nubushakashatsi Q butembera mu gice cyambukiranya icyerekezo cyigihe, ibyo bita ubukana bwubu.
[3] Hariho ubwoko bwinshi bwabatwara muri kamere butwara amashanyarazi. Kurugero: electroni yimukanwa mumashanyarazi, ion muri electrolytite, electron na ion muri plasma, na quark muri hadrons. Imyitwarire yabatwara ikora amashanyarazi.